This forum explores the role of religion in shaping human morality and ethics. It invites participants to discuss whether religious teachings are essential for guiding moral behavior or if ethical principles can be grounded in secular frameworks. The conversation will delve into how different belief systems influence concepts of right and wrong, and whether morality can exist independently of religious doctrine. Join us in examining the intersection of faith, ethics, and human values in a modern, diverse world
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have recently read the book Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari. In his book, he argues that what unites humans is not necessarily religion itself, but the shared belief in common stories. Religions excel at creating such shared narratives through mythologies that teach morality and ethics. These stories serve as frameworks for human behavior, guiding individuals and communities toward a sense of right and wrongs.
Harari suggests that other shared stories, such as human rights, democracy, or even national identities, can fulfill a similar role. These secular systems also create common values and norms that influence moral behavior.
Therefore, while religion has historically been a powerful tool for teaching ethics, it may not be essential. What truly matters is the ability to craft shared stories that foster cooperation and guide human conduct, whether they are religious or secular in nature
Religions usually provide teachings about what is right and wrong. These teachings influence how one should make decisions, interact with others, and perceive justice, compassion, and accountability. Religious texts usually determine a view of life, the universe, and relationships among human beings. For example, the concepts of karma, sin, or forgiveness shape how people perceive their actions and consequences. However, religion and religious books are only as strong as the interpretations and practices they have. Though they can be the forces of love, tolerance, and understanding, misinterpretation or misuse can sometimes lead to conflict or dogmatism. Often, a balanced and open-minded approach leads to the best outcomes.
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I don’t think morality is dependent on religious doctrines. Though I am a moral anti-realist, I think objective morality doesn’t require a divine agent for its grounding. If the theist argues that morality is implicitly defined by religion, then the theist would have to adequately demonstrate that virtuous acts are impossible in non-theistic settings. The theist would also have to justify the prevalence of moral acts independent of religious influence. Moreover, the theist faces a dilemma if the theist grounds morality in God. Let’s consider a set of Moral claims M. Now the question is why does God approve of M? There can be two answers to this question. Either God approves of M arbitrarily or there is a set of criteria C through which God decides whether or not to approve M. Under the first case, morality becomes arbitrary. Thus, it is problematic for the theist. On the other hand, if there is a set of criteria C through which God approves of M, then the truth value of M is grounded in C. Thus, morality exists independent of God. Hence, the second case invalidates the claim that morality cannot exist without God.
Thus, I think that Moral realism, if true, doesn’t require a divine authority for its grounding. Several non-theistic frameworks such as kantian categorical imperative can account for objective morality.
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